Phase notes
The moon sits between us and the sun, so the half we can see is the half the sun is not lighting. There is nothing to look at, which is the point: a new moon is the start of the count, day zero of the twenty-nine and a half day cycle.
Nothing visible. If the alignment is exact enough, the moon crosses the sun and the day carries a solar eclipse instead.
The dates when the moon sits closest to the middle of this band.
Centre of the band at 0 degrees
Centre of the band at 45 degrees
Centre of the band at 90 degrees
Centre of the band at 135 degrees
Centre of the band at 180 degrees
Centre of the band at 225 degrees
Centre of the band at 270 degrees
Centre of the band at 315 degrees
A phase is only the angle between the sun and the moon as we see it. This one sits at 0 degrees of that angle, none of the way through a cycle that runs 29.53 days.
Crescent means less than half the disc is lit, gibbous means more than half, and the quarters are the two moments in between. The quarter names count orbit, not brightness - a first quarter moon looks like a half.
Three hundred and sixty-six pages, one for each date, each with the phase for that day printed year by year.